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Résumé
Dans le présent article, l’auteur examine la possibilité que l’un des objectifs de la consultation soit l’atténuation des biais cognitifs chez chacun des participants et dans le groupe tout entier. Après avoir exploré la nature des biais cognitifs à la lumière de la psychologie évolutionniste, l’auteur passe en revue les recherches actuelles concernant les méthodes de « débiaisement » des individus. Ces recherches semblent indiquer que l’environnement le plus
efficace pour atténuer les biais sont les groupes de délibération au sein desquels les participants peuvent être invités à justifier leur raisonnement dans un environnement social réunissant une diversité de points de
vue. L’atténuation des biais diminue avec le temps, ce qui nécessite une exposition répétée à ce type d’environnement. Ce modèle de « débiaisement » s’apparente fortement à la consultation bahá’íe, constat
qui peut enrichir les perspectives et les attentes, en matière de consultation, des assemblées et autres groupes qui ont recours à la consultation.
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